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De'oraita and derabanan
The concepts of ''de-'oraita'' () and ''de-rabbanan'' () are used extensively in discussion of Jewish law and are of concern for modern observance of Judaism.
The former refers to halachic requirements that rabbinic literature understands to be Biblically mandated, while the latter refers to halachic requirements that are rabbinically mandated.〔''Promising Justice: Derrida with Jewish Jurisprudence'' A Hirvonen - Law and Critique, 2001 - Springer "Thus, those commandments (mitzvot) that come directly from the Torah (de'oraita) and are biblical, are a superior authority to those rabbinic ones which do not come from it (de'rabbanan). The de'oraita ... "〕 In Aramaic, ''de-'oraita'' means "from the Torah" and ''de-rabbanan'' means ''from our Rabbis''.
==Use of terminology==
Examples of the application of these two terms abound. One such application appears in the laws relating to grace after meals. There are four blessings contained within the grace after meals, and while the first three are biblically mandated, the fourth blessing was added much later on in Jewish history and is rabbinically mandated (B. Brachot 45b) The first three blessings would thus be referred to as ''de-'oraita'' and the last blessing would be referred to as ''de-rabbanan''.
Another example are the commandments regarding the famous phrase "Thou shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk." From this, many laws of kashrut are derived by the rabbis. One might think this would make it ''de-rabbanan'' because it was derived by the rabbis, but the laws are actually ''de-'oraita'' because they are derived by interpreting the Torah. On the other hand, the extension of this prohibition to eating chicken with milk is ''de-rabbanan'' as it is the product of a specific Rabbinic enactment.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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